{"id":4453,"date":"2026-01-05T11:51:18","date_gmt":"2026-01-05T11:51:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/?p=4453"},"modified":"2026-01-05T11:51:19","modified_gmt":"2026-01-05T11:51:19","slug":"water-and-conflict-a-study-of-freshwater-resource-availability-in-komodo-national-park","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/ru\/2026\/01\/05\/water-and-conflict-a-study-of-freshwater-resource-availability-in-komodo-national-park\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442\u044b: \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e."},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-1536x864.png 1536w, https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738-18x10.png 18w, https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Desain-tanpa-judul-2026-01-05T183846.738.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Water and Conflict: A Study of Freshwater Resource Availability in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komodo_National_Park\">\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Access to freshwater is critical for human survival and livelihoods everywhere \u2014 including in protected areas like <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/ru\/3-%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8f-2-%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d1%80%d1%8b%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%8d%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b4\/\">\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e<\/a><\/strong> in Eastern Indonesia. This study, conducted by <strong>Risdawati Ahmad, Kikiy Mega Nurmawati, and Abdul Kodir<\/strong>, examines how local communities living in Komodo National Park access and manage freshwater resources. It also assesses whether scarcity of water has led to social conflict, drawing on environmental conflict theories by <strong>Homer-Dixon and Gleick<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The research focuses on <strong>two islands within the park<\/strong> \u2014 <em>\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e<\/em> \u0438 <em>\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0420\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/em> \u2014 both of which host indigenous communities whose survival depends on the availability of freshwater.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Study Purpose and Approach<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>The primary goals of the study were:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>To describe how communities gain access to freshwater resources<\/strong> in the Komodo National Park area.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>To evaluate whether scarcity of freshwater has triggered conflict or forced migration<\/strong> among local residents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The researchers used <strong>qualitative methods<\/strong>, involving detailed interviews with village leaders, traditional community representatives, and local fishermen. Collected data were analyzed through systematic steps, such as data collection, reduction, presentation, and interpretation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Freshwater Conditions on Komodo and Rinca Islands<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>On Komodo Island, freshwater is relatively available thanks to natural sources such as a large river flowing through <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komodo_(village)\"><em>Kampung Baru<\/em> (New Village)<\/a>. This river is fed by rainfall and, despite dry seasons, consistently provides sufficient freshwater throughout the year. The lush surrounding forest supports groundwater recharge, allowing springs and shallow wells to maintain reliable flows.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Local residents on Komodo Island have developed multiple <strong>wells<\/strong> drawing from this freshwater source. More than ten wells are privately owned, and four are shared among villagers. Some residents, especially in <em>Kampung Lama<\/em> (Old Village), rely on water from the shared wells and sometimes purchase it because their own areas lack wells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0420\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In contrast, residents of<a href=\"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/ru\/3-%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8f-2-%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d1%80%d1%8b%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%8d%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b4\/\"> \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0420\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0430<\/a> face greater challenges in accessing freshwater. Here, local water supplies are insufficient, forcing many residents to bring freshwater from outside the island \u2014 a process that is both difficult and expensive. This situation highlights the uneven distribution of water resources within the park\u2019s geography.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Water Scarcity and Social Conflict<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>The study refers to environmental conflict theories by <strong>Homer-Dixon and Gleick<\/strong>, which suggest:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Scarcity of natural resources like freshwater can <strong>increase social tensions<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resource scarcity may trigger <strong>forced migration<\/strong> or demographic shifts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Severe scarcity could escalate into deeper struggles over access and control.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the findings in <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Komodo_National_Park\">\u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e<\/a> <strong>contradict these expectations<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Despite differences in water availability<\/strong>, the scarcity of freshwater <em>did not lead to open conflict<\/em> between residents.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>No large-scale migrations occurred from areas with limited water to areas with abundant water.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>This outcome differs from many theoretical models because <strong>community values and social norms played a crucial role<\/strong> in maintaining harmony. Shared cultural principles of <em>gotong royong<\/em> (mutual cooperation) and trust helped people manage water resources collaboratively rather than competitively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key Factors in Water Management and Harmony<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>Several community characteristics helped avoid conflict:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mutual cooperation:<\/strong> Villagers work together in managing shared water sources and distributing supplies fairly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural trust:<\/strong> Shared beliefs and social bonds reduce disputes over natural resources.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Local solutions:<\/strong> In some areas, small groups oversee water collection and distribution, organizing access in a way that reflects local needs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The case of Komodo National Park shows that <strong>freshwater scarcity does not automatically lead to conflict<\/strong>. Instead, <strong>social cohesion and traditional community practices<\/strong> can play powerful roles in mediating access to essential resources, even in environments with limited water availability<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These findings offer an important perspective for policymakers and conservation planners: <strong>the human dimension of resource management \u2014 cultural values, cooperation, and mutual support \u2014 can significantly influence environmental outcomes as much as the physical availability of the resources themselves<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u041d\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0440, \u0420\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u044f\u0436, \u043c\u044b\u0441 \u041c\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u2014 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f!<\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/komodopadartour.com\/ru\/3-%d0%b4%d0%bd%d1%8f-2-%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b8-%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d1%80%d1%8b%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d1%8d%d0%ba%d1%81%d0%ba%d1%83%d1%80%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%be%d0%b4\/\">\u0421\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u043a \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0435, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0439\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0418\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0420\u0438\u0441\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u0445\u043c\u0430\u0434, \u041a\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0433\u0430 \u041d\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0410\u0431\u0434\u0443\u043b\u043e\u043c \u041a\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043c, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u041d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0434\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0438 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442 [\u2026]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4454,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_eb_attr":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[119,109,108,82,113,111,81,21,22,101,77,83,84,94,95,96,45,59,15,65,27,14,31,122,70,117,114,104,105,11,71,73,72,116,125,69,24,123,34,44,89,91,90,25,102,79,17,115,110,13,67,62,106,120,39,92,9,60,126,127,85,48,10,87,63,47,29,74,75,61,32,30,18,16,50,51,54,28,42,1,20,33,124,86,118,97,98,112,26,78,76],"tags":[224,151,153,162,279,152,150,149,171,189],"class_list":["post-4453","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-best-travel-agency-on-komodo-labuan-bajo","category-diving-site-on-komodo-national-park","category-fish-on-komodo-national-park","category-fisherman-on-komodo-island","category-fisherman-on-mesa-village","category-fisherman-on-papagarang-village","category-flores-endemic-bird","category-gili-lawa-darat","category-gili-lawa-laut","category-gili-motang-island","category-history-of-komodo-dragon","category-history-of-komodo-national-park","category-history-of-komodo-peoples","category-hotels-in-labuan-bajo","category-hotels-on-komodo-island","category-hotels-on-rinca-island","category-inerie-mountain","category-kakatua-island","category-kalong-island","category-kanawa-island","category-kelimutu-lake","category-kelor-island","category-koka-beach","category-komodo-airport-in-labuan-bajo","category-komodo-cruise-ship-passanger","category-komodo-diving","category-komodo-diving-site","category-komodo-dragon-on-komodo-island","category-komodo-dragon-on-rinca-island","category-komodo-island","category-komodo-island-long-trekking","category-komodo-island-medium-trekking","category-komodo-island-short-trekking","category-komodo-live-aboard","category-komodo-marina","category-komodo-trekking","category-labuan-bajo","category-land-for-selling-in-labuan-bajo","category-liang-bua-cave","category-liangbua-cave","category-livelihood-on-komodo-island","category-livelihood-on-papagarang-island","category-livelihood-in-rinca-island","category-loh-sabita","category-loh-sebita-long-trekking","category-manggarai-ethnic-group","category-manjerite-island","category-manta-ray","category-marine-life-on-komodo-national-park","category-mawan-island","category-melo-village","category-mesa-village-on-komodo-national-park","category-migration-of-komodo-dragon","category-monkey-island-in-labuan-bajo","category-mules-island","category-open-trip-to-komodo","category-padar-island","category-papagarang-village","category-people-of-komodo-village","category-people-of-rinca-village","category-phinisi-boat-in-labuan-bajo","category-phinisi-boat-labuan-bajo","category-pink-beach","category-property-in-labuan-bajo","category-pungu-island","category-ranaka-mountain","category-ranamese-lake","category-rinca-island-short-trekking","category-rinca-island-medium-trekking","category-rinca-village","category-riung-17-islands","category-ruteng-puu","category-sabolo-island","category-sebayur-island","category-shared-trip-to-komodo","category-sharing-boat-trip-to-komodo","category-soa-hot-spring","category-spiderweb-ricefield","category-sylvia-hill-labuan-bajo","category-tak-berkategori","category-taka-makassar","category-todo-village","category-tourism-in-komodo-labuan-bajo","category-trading-in-labuan-bajo","category-travel-to-komodo","category-trekking-on-komodo-village","category-trekking-on-rinca-village","category-fisherman-on-rinca-village","category-waerebo-village","category-water-front-labuan-bajo","category-west-manggarai-regency","tag-komodo-diving","tag-komodo-island","tag-komodo-island-cruise-ship","tag-komodo-national-park","tag-loh-liang-bay","tag-manta-point","tag-padar-island","tag-pink-beach","tag-rinca-island","tag-siaba-island"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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